Apparatus for treating oils and the like with gases, &amp;c.



APPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS AND THE LIKE WITH GASES, &c.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 15, 1913.

Patented'Jan. 18, 1914.

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UNITED STATS TENT oFFroE.

CARLETON ELLIS, F MONTCLAIB, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR TREATING OILS AND THE LIKE WITH GASES, 85o.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 13, 1914i.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARLETON Ennis, a citizenof the United States, and a resident of Montclair, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Apparatus for Treating Oils and the like with Gases,&c., of whlch the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an apparatus for hydrogenating oily materialand the like, containing unsaturated bodies, and relates in particularto an ap aratus for treatment of a body of oil with iiydrogen or ahydrogen-containing gaseous medium, involving the passage of the gaspreferably in relatively fine bubbles through said body of oil; and thisapplication is a continuation in part of my former copending applicationSerial No. 737,942, now matured into Letters Patent No. 1,059,720, ofApril 22, 1913.

In the present invention ll make use preferably of two commonexpedients, namely that of stirring a liquid by means of a gas passingthrough it and the use of pressure to accelerate reactions betweenliquids and gases, but I embody with these aforesaid expedients acertain novel method of operation as will hereinafter be described.

In the present invention I may subject the oil to a pressure which isfrequently variable in amount, although the variation is preferablyslight and definite and of a positive nature. To this end I may expose abody of oil to an atmosphere of hydrogen and cause a portion of the oilto pass preferably under a substantial pressure through an injector insuch a manner that the hydrogen gas is drawn into contact with the oilso that without the formation of a powerful spray or violent mechanicalagitation the hydrogen is brought into solution in the oil to therequired degree. During the period of induction the oil and gas aresubjected momentarily to reduced pressure which may cause theelimination more or less of tiny or microscopic bubbles of hydrogenwhich may become attracted to the oily particles of catalyzer and clingto same by adhesive forces until absorbed through the film of oil by thecatalyzer and then given back to the oil as fixed hydrogen. Thus Ipreferably maintain conditions such that the particles of catalyzercarry a zone of nearly saturated or even supersaturated ried solution ofhydrogen in the oil around about each particle.

The oil is contained in a hydrogenating receptacle which is preferablyheated by a steam coil and hydrogen is introduced into this tank underany suitable pressure, it being desirable to heat the oil and blowhydrogen through it for a short time to remove moisture and air.Catalyzer is prepared in a separate chamber consisting, for example, ofa drum which is caused to rotate in a housing heated to 300 or 350 C.while hydrogen is passed over same. The drum of catalyzer may then betightly closed, carto the hydrogenation receptacle, screwed into athreaded opening in the latter and the contents allowed to fall into thereceptacle without contact with the air, as even momentary exposure tothe air is sometimes fatal of good results. The oil is heated and aportion passed in cyclic fashion through an inductor so as to introducehydrogen from the top into the bottom of the receptacle and the hydrogenentering in this way at the bottom is so mingled with the oil thatrelatively fine bubbles of the oil are formed particularly conducive torapid absorption. In the inductor it is desirable to avoid the formationof spray and the stream of oil passin through lnductor preferably shouldtherefore be as nearly solid or integral as possible so as to avoidseparating the gas in solution in the oil.

The accompanying illustrative drawings show in a diagrammatic mannerapparatus suited for carrying out the present inven tion'.

Figure 1 shows mainly in vertical section a treating receptacle and itsappurtenances. Fig. 2 is a plan View of Fig. 1.

Like reference characters parts in the drawings.

Tn the drawing 1 is a treating receptacle having the inlet 2 for oil orcatalyzer; a hydrogen inlet 3; back fiash tube 4; a drawofi' valve 5; asteam heating coil 6; supporting members 7; a catalyzer inlet 8 adaptedto hold capsules of catalyzer; a valve 9 in said inlet 8; a flush-outopening 10 which is provided with a removable plug not shown. 11 is apump connected with the lower part of the tank by the pipe 12 and havinga discharge pipe 13 extending to an inductor 14 which is incommunication by meanseefi the inlet 15 and pipe 16 with the denote liketop of the treating receptacle 1. From the inductor the pipe 17 extendsnearly to the bottom of the receptacle and terminates in a distributer18 which is so arranged that the flow of material therethrough is bothdown and angularly against the bottom of the tank or receptacle.

In the operation of this apparatus hot or cold oil is placed in the tankto fill same to about the level indicated. The temperature is raised toabout 200 F. or higher and hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gas may beentered at 3 to flush out all the air. Catalyzer may then be enteredthrough the inlet pipe 10. Pressures of 2 or 3 atmospheres or so may beemployed if desired, which has a tendency to steady the oil streampassing through the inductor. Oil carrying catalyzer segregated from themain body of oil, is pumped through the pipe 13 and enters the inductoras an integral stream. As this stream asses through the inductorhydrogen is drawn in and is carried along through the depending tube tothe lower part of the tank where both oil and gas emerge, the latter tobubble through the oil pool and the former in the course of time toagain pass through the inductor via the pump 11. The catalyzer whichmight otherwise tend to settle on the bottom of the tank is impelled bythe impinging stream of oil away from the bottom and maintained in thebody of oil by the bubbling effect of the preferably strong current ofhydrogen which passes through the body of oil.

What I claim is:

1. An apparatus for treating oils with hydrogen or a hydrogen containinggas which comprises a closed receptacle adapted to contain a gas underpressure and to con taina body of oil; means for maintaining the body ofoil at any desired temperature; an inductorsituated above the body ofoil; a pipe connecting the zone of suction of said inductor with thetopof the receptacle; means for removing oil from said receptacle andimpelling it through said inductor whereby gas and oil becomeentrainedmeans for passing mixture to the bottom 0% the tank anddischarging same in such a manner as to impinge upon the bottom of saidtank.

2. An apparatus for treating oils with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containinggas which comprises a closed receptacle adapted to contain a gas underpressure and to contain a body of oil; means for maintaining the body ofoil at any desired temperature; an inductor attached to said receptacle;apipe connecting the Zone of suction of said inductor with the gas spaceof said receptacle; means for removing oil from said receptacle andimpelling it through said inductor whereby gas and oil become entrained;means for passing the mixture to the bottom of the tank and dischargingsame in such a manner as to impinge upon the bottom of said tank.

3. An apparatus for treating oils with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containinggas which comprises a closed receptacle adapted to contain a gas underpressure and to contain a body of oil; means for maintaining the body ofoil at any desired temperature; an inductor attached to said receptacle;a pipe connecting the zone of suction of said inductor with the gasspace of said recep taele; means for removing oil from said receptacleand impelling it through said inductor whereby gas and oil becomeentrained; and means for passing the mixture to a point near the bottomof the receptacle.

4t. Apparatus for treating oils and the like with gases or vapors as forhardening fatty oils and the like which comprises a closed receptacleadapted to contain a body of oil. and means for inductively propellingthe gas or vapor through the contents of the receptacle; said contentsbeing maintained in a liquid condition.

Signed at Montclair, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey,this 8th day of April, A. D. 1913.

OARLETON nLLrs.

iVitnesses B. M. ELLIS, F. CARBU'r'r.

